Fashions in Footwear from the Renaissance Through Victorian Times:
One thing you probably wouldn't guess about those Renaissance fashion plates is that they had a little punk rock in them - slashed clothing in super bright colors was the height of fashion back then, and the trend extended to footwear. Fashionable everyday shoes of the time resembled modern day ballet flats (and you thought Kate Spade invented them!), except that they were slashed to reveal different colored fabric underneath.
Another popular shoe was the chopine, a style which first took hold among the courtesans of Venice. Chopines were the world's first platform shoes, and, just like your Donald J. Pliners, they were chosen to give the wearer added height. Chopines stayed popular through the Elizabethan/Jacobean period, up until the early 1600s, and during that time the soles were made of cork. Yup, if you invented a time machine and used it to go visit Queen Elizabeth I, you could wear your Kork-Ease to court and fit right in!
During the Restoration, which ran from around 1660 through the early 18th century, pointy-toed shoes with slender high heels akin to stilettos were the in thing. (Clinton and Stacy would approve!) Clogs were also introduced as fashionable footwear during this period - yes, they predate the 1970s.
Women wore boots back then as well, but only for horseback riding, making the Restoration the first known instance of the equestrian trend. Fashion was dominated by the French during the Rococo period (1715 to 1775), and the most recognizable fashion accessory of that time was a "Louis heel," a "waisted" heel that was splayed at the base. Shoes of this style are not that different from what we call wedges. They look quite modern and their wearers were as proud of them as we are of our Roberto Cavallis.
Believe it or not, stilettos were also worn during the Revolutionary War, though probably not by women who were running from British soldiers. Sandals were worn during this period as well, but the naked feet were covered first with silk cloth for modesty's sake. Grecian sandals appeared in the early 1800s, and they featured the same long ribbon ankle ties that we see today. In the Victorian period, boots were the most popular form of footwear, and toe styles went in and out of fashion - first rounded, then pointed, then squared with rounded corners. Elastic-sided boots first made their appearance in this era, though they probably weren't as comfortable as our Stuart Weitzmans. Side-laced boots and the high-buttoned shoes that goth girls favor were the most common street footwear, and while indoors, people wore mules without heels.
Sources: www.historyoffootwear.com